SciPhysicsForums.com

Thanks Ben. And Fred, I'll try to remember.
For as long as I've known about Galaxies rotation anomalies and other aspects of the "dark" sector I've felt that a more comprehensive understanding of the nature of spacetime and gravitational fields could be used to explain them. To that end I have engaged myself and others on these groups in order to bring myself to a better understanding. I've always felt that the search for a new exotic type of matter was based only on the the rigid interpretation that gravity induced movement and that gravity was only manifested when matter was present. To me a better idea was to consider a gravitational field as just another configuration of spacetime; and that every volume of spacetime had its own inherent energetic quantities.

But the Universe is expanding! Since bound structures cannot expand that meant the expansion could only be associated with spaces devoid of matter and gravitationally bound structures. The Voids! So, the next step was to ignore the FLRW metric and consider the Universe as having two separate spacetime regimes. The Voids with an expanding spacetime and the matter structures with a stagnant or extremely slowly varying spacetime. So, there must exist an interface between these two disparate regimes. And its physical nature, with its associated effects is, at best, unrecognized.

That boundary is a boundary of two optically different spacetimes, with each having its own distinct metric. That optical difference IMO is the optical effects recognized as galactic halos. And because this is spacetime, the regime of gravitational fields, it must be considered that gravitational effects will also be manifest.
Maybe I'm a handwaving c****pot, until I see Stuart Marongwe with the same idea coming from a different direction.

If we consider this problem from a Lagrangian field aspect then we can say we have two different spacetime fields,(one type coming from all sides) each with its own potential interfacing, with an associated "blister" forming around the bound structure. (see R. Penrose _The Road To Reality_ Pg488 fig20.9 Hamilton's principle for field Lagrangians)

Anyway, that's what I'm working on. And that's why Marongwe's paper was significant enough for me to share.

Thanks
Brad Johnson

I am not a physicist, but I am commenting on Section 3 (Graviton transmutations) of the paper as I can link it to my preon model.

In Section 3, Stuart Marongwe shows permutations of four different vector elements with spin half leading to the four spin 1 bosons [photon, W, Z and gluon]. The four bosons are -+++, +-++, ++-+ and +++-. The signs could all be reversed for the antiparticles.

The W particle is not neutral wrt electric charge nor weak isospin and so the patterns already seem to me to be too simple. The other three bosons are indeed neutral except for spin.

I do like the implication in the paper that the four spin 1 bosons are composite particles.

You can just put the URL in the post.

http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInfor ... erID=36510

ABSTRACT

One of the main problems of contemporary physics is to find a quantum description of gravity. This present approach attempts to remedy the problem through the quantization of a finite but large flat Minkowski space-time by means of Fourier expansion of the displacement four vector. By applying second quantization techniques, space-time emerges as a superposition of space-time eigen states or lattices of quantized space-time vibrations also known as gravitons. Each lattice element four vector is a graviton and traces out an elementary four volume (lattice cell). The stress-momentum tensor of each graviton defines its curvature and also the curvature of the associated lattice as described by General Relativity. The eigen states of space-time are found to be separated by a quantum of energy equal to the product of the Hubble constant and the Planck constant. The highest energy state is at Planck energies. This paper also shows that gravitons can be absorbed and emitted by the space-time lattice changing the volume of its primitive cells and that particles of observable matter are associated with a graviton whose frequency is equal to the particle’s Compton frequency which the lattice can absorb producing a perturbation in the lattice. The space-time lattice is found to be unstable and decays by radiating low energy gravitons of energy equal to the product of the Hubble constant and the Planck constant. This decay causes the space-time superstructure to expand. The graviton is seen a composite spin 2 particle made from a combination of spin half components of the displacement four vector elements. The spin symmetry of its constituent elements can breakdown to give rise to other vector or scalar bosons. Dark Matter is seen as a consequence of Bose-Einstein statistics of gravitons which results in some regions of the lattice having more energy than others.

A novel approach to the dark sector. No need for mass! Dark Matter and Dark Energy two sides of the same coin. Its open access!

Nexus: A Quantum Theory of Space-Time,
Gravity and the Quantum Vacuum , By Stuart Marongwe

I can't figure how to attach a link but if you google his name and follow the link to Scientific Research open access I'm sure you'll enjoy