A New Kind of Force to be Introduced in Quantum Physics

Foundations of physics and/or philosophy of physics, and in particular, posts on unresolved or controversial issues

A New Kind of Force to be Introduced in Quantum Physics

Postby SEKI » Sat Feb 03, 2018 9:28 am

In the field of elementary particle physics, the particle model seems to be widely accepted, in which it is assumed that there exist extremely small elementary particles (regardless of whether point-like or string) in reality, and that the wave function is to give the existence probability of a particle.

By double slit experiments, however, it is indicated that a single quantum can interfere with itself. With the particle model, it seems unreasonable to consider it explicable that interference fringes are to be formed in double slit experiments with flux of quanta that is so sparse that only a single quantum can be present at a time.

So, a quantum cannot but be considered to be more of a wave than a particle. In fact, quantum waves can be so defined as to have particle natures. More specifically, quantum waves are assumed to be countable and each to be able to be localized in an area that is so small that the wave can be seen as a particle. Anyway, quantum theories are formulated as theories of waves, and particles appear only in interpretations.

[It should be noted that some of so-called quantum paradoxes can be resolved by abandoning the particle model.]

Then, as an example, consider a photon traveling all the way from a far-away star. In the framework of the traditional theory, the quantum cannot but diffuse, be diluted beyond measure and end up disappearing.

[Suppose a photon is traveling in the z-direction.
If x and y components of the momentum of the photon are both absolutely zero (xy-spectrum width = 0),
the quantum wave of the photon is already unlimitedly spread.
Otherwise (xy-spectrum width is not zero), the quantum wave will spread even further.]

Hence, a kind of cohesive force, which may be like surface tension, is considered to be essential in each quantum field. Unlike the four fundamental forces, this kind of cohesive force is to work only in each field.

A free and isolated quantum is considered to be substantialized as a finite-sized wave packet (having finite length and width) and to have specific energy and momentum (if not, conservation laws can never be valid). According to the traditional theory, however, finite-sized wave packet and specific energy-momentum are not compatible. Introduction of the cohesive force makes them compatible.

[So, the Kennard (not Heisenberg) inequality is supposed to fail. Considering experiments using half mirrors and mirrors
with light that is so feeble that only a single photon can be present at a time, however, a free quantum wave seems to be
able to change shape enormously.]

And moreover, the cohesive force can be assumed to cause wavepacket reduction. Let's consider a process, a+b -> c (+d+...), where each of a, b, c ... stands for a quantum (elementary particle). It can be assumed that, if a part of quantum a and that of b overlap one another in the space, both parts are to be reduced by the intensified cohesive force. Reductions of overlapped parts of quantum waves and the cohesive force result in a kind of mutual attraction between the quanta. If the domains of quanta, a and b, both reduce to the same point or extremely small area, the above process is considered to be able to take place. No reduction is considered to occur among quanta, if no interaction is possible among them.

Introduction of the cohesive force is to have grave implications since, however weak it is, arguments concerning Feynman diagrammatic calculation method and, what is more, renormalization are to be fundamentally changed.
SEKI
 
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